Dholavira — Ancient Harappan Metropolis
Dholavira is one of the most significant archaeological sites of the Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan Civilization). Located on Khadir Bet island in the Rann of Kutch, this UNESCO World Heritage site offers a fascinating glimpse into advanced urban planning, water conservation systems, and the lifestyle of an ancient civilization that thrived over 4,500 years ago.
Discovered in 1968 by archaeologist J.P. Joshi, Dholavira is the fifth largest Harappan site in the Indian subcontinent. It was occupied from c. 2650 BCE to 1450 BCE. The city is distinguished by its unique water management system, multi-layered defensive mechanisms, and extensive use of stone in construction.
Did You Know?
Dholavira is locally known as Kotada Timba (meaning "large fort"). It contains one of the world's earliest water conservation systems, with 16 reservoirs and elaborate channels.
The site is divided into three parts: the Citadel, the Middle Town, and the Lower Town. The Citadel, where the rulers lived, is protected by formidable stone fortifications. The most intriguing discovery is the "Signboard" containing ten large Indus script characters, which remains undeciphered to this day.
Quick Facts
UNESCO World Heritage Site (declared in 2021)
One of the 5 largest Harappan sites
Known for: Advanced Water Management System
Location: Khadir Bet, Great Rann of Kutch
Age: ~4,500 years old
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Location & Nearby Cities
Explore the location and judge distances to nearby cities like Bhuj, Gandhidham, and other major destinations in Kutch.